Knitting



Sept. 9, 1952 L. PICARD 2,609,677

KNITTING Flled Sept. 24, 1946 10 Sheets-Sheet Z Sept. 9, 1952 l.. PICARD 2,609,577

KNITTING Filed sept. 24, 194e 1o sheets-sheet 5 INYQN T'oR L. PICARD KNITTING Sept. 9, 19:52

l0 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 24, 1946 I Nve NT? R 4 f, l 4. i... GMA-4e B41 mM/,M/M w L. PICARD Sept. 9, 1952 KNITTING 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 24, 1946 l HJ w s` IIa- 5 f J .J EEN Eli .rulli l HL L. PICARD KNITTING Sept. 9, 1952 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Sept. 24, 1946 I N le Niro R I MQW/ae L. PICARD Sept, 9, 1952 KNITTING 10 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Sept. 24, 1946 IN ve. Nro f? MGM BA1 wanna, Q'e'. M"m

` Sept. 9, 1952 L.. PICARD 2,609,677

KNITTING Filed sept. 24, 194e l 1o sheets-sheet s I'Nve/vroR L. PICARD Sept. 9, 1952 KNITTING 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Sept. 24, 1946 IN veN Tdf L. PICARD Sept. 9, 1952" KNITTING l0 SheecS-Sheeil lO J: N x/QN Tvl BA, www, ew, M wm Filed Sept. 24, 1946 Patented Sept. 9, 1952 2,609,677 KNI'rTINo Lucien ricard, Sainte-Savino, France, assigner oi i three-twelfths to Julien Millard, Troyes, tWo`- twelfths to Louis Carbonnaux, Sante-Savine,

-and `one-twelfth to Jean Manotte,v Sainte- Savino, `France Application september 24, 194s, serial No. 698,885

l In France October 16, 1945 i This invention relates to knitting. Y

The rows of stitches formed on the Vthread and connected together by the same thread that makes them, are hereinafter referred to as courses loops and stitches of successive courses are hereinafter referred to as lines 'There have already been conceived various systems of stitching which will not run down. hereinafter referred to as stitches" with a View to producing a practically unladderable knitted fabric. These systems presentgenerallyl inconveniences: the knitting assumes a coarse appearm ance, it lacks 'elasticity andY finally its manufacture isonerous. l

The present invention has for its object to pro- The rows of stitches formed by the o Z Claims. (Cl. Sli-169) duce in the iirst place,` an unladderable knitted fabric formed `by knittingasingle' thread, and having an aspect approaching that oiordinary knitting.

In accordance with the present invention. I provide unladderable knitted fabric formed by a single thread constituting unelongated stitches and elongated stitches having vsubstantially the same height as the unelongated stitches, and the unelongated stitches occurring'alternately with the elongated stitches in each course and in each line so that, from one course to the other, the unelongated stitches andthe elongated stitches are in quincunx and that in each course the elongated stitches are `looped by the unelongated stitches of the preceding course, the said elongated stitches being in intertvvining relation with the loop of thread connecting the elongated stitches formedin the preceding course, and the rectilinear elements of thread connecting the successive unelongated stitches in the courseconsidered,

the said rectilinear elements of the various courses being substantially parallel to eachother While the looped parts of the thread comprised between two elongated stitches of two successive courses are disposed diagonally.

According to one method of producing the unladderable knitted fabric, each elongated stitch is looped by the unelongated stitch of the ipreceding course and grips the rectilinearthread element uniting the two unelongated stitches `which are disposed on both sides of the said elongated stitch and the collar connecting the two elongated stitches of the preceding course which are disposed on both sides of the unelongated stitch ensuring the looping so that 'the parts of thecollar connecting the two elongated stitches are disunladderable knitted fabric, each elongated stitch is looped by the unelongated stitch of the preceding course and it grips the rectilinear thread elcment uniting two unelongated stitches which are disposed on both sides of the elongated stitch; the unelongated stitch securing the looping is doubled by the thread of the collar so that, as in the first method of formation, the parts of the collars connecting two elongated stitches are disposed diagonally.

The invention has furthermore for its object a machine for carrying out a method of producing tures:

` The needles aredivided into two groups, the needles of one group alternating with the needles of the other group. The needles of one group (that is to say alternate needles) for example the even numbered needles are so actuated that, beginning with the formation of the course they produce, on each of them, an unelongated stitch whilst the needles of the other group or odd numbered needles, although fed with thread, do not knit but distribute their thread to constitute the rectilinear thread element connecting two adjacent unelongated stitches.`

In one course out of every two, at the moment of taking down or casting-on, for the aforesaid even needles, there is provided a longer feed of `formed by the thread constituting the collars,

simultaneously on the collar formed in the preceding course and on the rectilinear thread element connecting the two successive unelongated stitches in the course being formed.

According to another way of carrying out the manufactureing process, the elongated stitch is obtained by taking down the loop formed by the thread forming the collars only on the rectilinear thread element connecting the tivo unelongated adjacent stitches in the course being formed; it is looped simultaneously by the unelongated stitch preceding it in the line and by the collar con,- necting two adjacent elongated stitches in the preceding course.

The needles which, in one course, have not formed the unelongated stitches form them in the preceding course; thus there is obtained the formation of unelongated stitches disposed in quincunx with the elongated stitches.

Four consecutive courses of knitting are necessary to form the contexture of the latter. In

one and the same course the needles of one` group work diiferently from those of the other group but the work of the needles is identical in the third course where the needles. of thev second group carry out the same work'as'thatof the needles of the :lirstj group ,intheV rst course; and that in the fourth course theneed'les of the second group carry out the same work as that of the needles of the first group in the second course and so on.

This work of the needles is carried out as follows:

In each of the courses, all the needles take up or drawl the thread distributed.

According to one method of manufacture, in the rst course the needles of the first group (for example even numbered needles) takefdown the stitches but keep them under their hooks, whilst the needles of the vsecond group (odd numbered needles) take down and stitch normally,

.thus producing an unelongated stitch.

In the second course, the even needlestake up a length of the thread longer than that necessary f for the formation of an ordinary stitch, they take down but without stitching and keep un der their hooks the elongated loops formed by the thread distributed inthis course,` whilst the stitch formed in the first course is disengaged from the hook. Throughout this course,` the odd needles take down, stitch and .keep the stitches under their hooks.

In the third course, the even needles which have, under their hooks, the elongated loops take down but leave the stitches formed in the first course under the elongated loops. The `odd needles stitch like the even needles in the rst course, that it to sayY they take down and keep thestitches under their hooks.

In the fourth course, the even needles stitch like the odd needles throughout the second course, that is to say they take down and keep the stitches under their hooks, these stitches will be taken down in turnand will thus form'normal stitches. The odd needles'V stitch like the even` needles in the second course; they take upa long loop, they take down, but without stitching and keep under their-hooks theelongated loops.

According to another method of manufacturing, in the first course the even needles and odd needles carry out the same work as: that described for the rst method of manufacture.

In the second course, the even needles take up a length of thread longer than that necessary for. the formation ofan ordinary stitch; they take' down but without stitching andthe stitches formed in the rst course besides the elongated loop of collar formed bythe thread distributed in the second course are disengaged on the needles outside the hooks. Throughout thisY course, theoddneedles. take down and keep-the stitches under their hooks.

In the third course, the even needles takedown but donotstitch; at the end ofthe cycle of this course the stitches formed in the first course and the elongated collars are then disposed on the needles, as they were at the end of the second course. The odd needles worklike the, even needles in the first course, that is to say they take down and keep the stitches under their hooks.

In the fourth course, the even needles work like the odd` needlesY throughoutthe second course; they take down. and the thread distributed in this fourth course is looped simultaneously by the thread distributed in the rst course and by that distributed in the second l' course, that is to say that forming the collars;

thestitches thus` looped remain under the hooks andy will" be released in turn and will then form normal stitches. VThe odd needles stitch like the even. needles; in the second course; they take up long. loops, they take down but without stitching and/keep under. their hooks the elongated loops.

The invention has also for its object a circular' machine, of the English machine type, equipped with latch or.y self-acting needles" for producing unladderable knitted fabricr in` accordanceV with the` manufacturing processes described above. l

To this end and inaccordance with theinvention, the machinesv are provided with members, for example with vertically movable jacks, capable of selecting needlesso as todivide them into twogroups: a group of even needles and the group of odd needles. The-arrangement-of these jacks is such that the needlesfofV one group are presented for taking up at a differentheight fromv those or the other group consequent on their rise, after taking down; over along'er or shorter journey according to the group to which the needles belong; this variation of. journey from one group to thefother, having for its' object to permit, or not, ofthe taking down. and the release of the stitch forlnedrin one of the preceding courses, the stitch when itis nottaken down being kept in reserve on the needle. Members are also providedto supply the length4 of` the thread. necessary for forming the. collars` diagonally: connecting theknotting stitches; those membersY mayy advantageously, according to-the present invention, be formed by sinkers with projections raised so that in.. taking. up,r aV supplementary length of thread may be takenfoff from the thread guide; these special sinkers which haveto work` conjointly alternately with the even numbered andthe odd. numbered'. needles arefdistributed in their-guide by. meanszof a. special sinker in two grooves,.sothat they alternate with the ordinary sinker, acam controlled` at theright moment, that isto-say. every other turn, sets.- in action these special sinkers, whilst a series of camsacts on the jacks .to bring them to the. position. desired for selecting the needles.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figs. l and 2 show unladderable knitted-fabric which is the subject ofA the invention, seenon the right side andthe wrong side respectively;

Fig. B-s apartial-vertical section of. acircular machine arranged with a view to allowing the formation of the' unla-dderable knitted fabric;

Fig. 4 is a partial view analogous to Figy 3 and shows a special sinker made for thefformation of unladderable knitted fabric;

Fig. 5 is a plan corresponding to Fig. 3 and shows inparticular the cam groove traversed `by the butts of the sinkers;

Fig. 6 isa partialsection showing thezfa'rrangement of a jack differing from that which Fig; 3

l,shows ;Y I A f Fig. 8` shows irl/perspective View the mecha` nisn' forA1 controlling the 1`jacks; .1

Figs. `9 to 12 are diagrammaticviews illustrating the operation of i special sinkers;

1Fig.`13`1is a diagrammatic plan view of the cylinder of 1a circularrrn'a'chine and it shows thedif- `ferent zones of action of the needles;

" Fig. `ifi is a developed view of the cylinder showing, foreach of the zones indicated in Fig. 13, the position of needles'and. of their control jack; m .7.,

Fig. `l5-is a' View analogous to Fig. 14 and shows the position of the needles and of their control jackafterthe cylinder has accomplished a revolution'of 360, that' is to say whenthe cylinder performs thesecond courseof knitting; Figs. 116 and 171 correspond lto the third and fourth courses respectively; Fig. 18 shows, side by side and in fronteleva tion, for each of them, the members forming -the cams; 1.

19 to 34 are diagrammaticviews illustrating the formation ofthe unladderable knitted fabric; this formation taking place in four successive courses of stitching; Figs. 19 to 221cor.- respond to the rst course; 1 1-1`Figs. v123 to B26 second course', and Figs. 27.110130l to the third courseand `lastly Figs. 31 to 34 to the fourth course;

Fig. 35 shows, seen on the wrong` side, Vthe lunladderable knitted fabric formed according to the modification :of the present invention;`

Fig. 136 is a view analogous Ito. Fig. 18 and` shows the members of the cam modied to allow of `manufacture of the knitted fabricillustrated 1 f .1 Figs. 37 to 411are diagrammatic views showing how the production of knitted fabric illustrated in Fig. 35 takes place. (Fig. 37 corresponds to Fg..26;.Fig. 38. to Fig. 28; Fig. 39 to Fig. 30;

same-height and are connected to each other in parallel vertical rows f1, f2, f3, f4, f5. If one considers, forexample,11row r3, one sees Athat in 'this row the second loop represented beginningV on1the` right side of Fig.` 1, is united to the vcorresponding loop of the' preceding row` raby ordinary interlooping withtthe meshes as shown atl. 1` The same is true for the fourth loop of this row, then for the sixth, etc.

The rst loop of thel said row rais united 4with the corresponding loop of the preceeding row r2, by knotting to two strands'ofthe thread, in addition to the threads of the said loops themselves. AOne of thesestrandsis made up of therectilinear element e, which extends from thesecond loop of` the said row ra to theloop notdrawn which would be to the right of Figi, oni thelsaid row r `and in the line preceding the line vf1., other strand of threadV y is placed between the row r3 and the preceding rowA rs1-and it runs zig-Zag between these two rows from one` point of knotting to the other, Awhile forming, in the preceding rowfz, the loops which are united at Z by simple, interloopin'g,

`as has been mentioned above, to the loops `of the row .under consideration r3. In a similar -manner, the third loop of the'row r3 is'united with the corresponding loop of the' preceding "row r2, by knotting of two strands of thread in addition tothe threads 'of the said loops themselves; `one of these strands z being 1the rectilinear element which extends `between the `second loop and thefourthloop o'fthe rowrra, unitedwith eachother by simple interlooping atlto the corresponding loops `of the preceding row r'z'the other strand of-the knotted thread being the strand y; running nig-.zag as has :been mentioned, between thelrow r3. and the `row r2. The fifth loop of` therow 13 is united inthe same manner` to the corresponding loopV of the precedingmow'rz, and so forth..1

Thus, in one row the.loopsarejconnected to the loops of the preceding'rowzfandlikewise to those of the following row, sometirnes'by` simple meshing, .at other times by the` indicated knot.- ting. The same `sequence is found 1in the: loops of each of the vertical rows1f1, fz, f3, etc.1..; 1

Itmay bei seen that ,the rectilinear elements, such as z of the various rows are parallel l'to veach otherand that the loops of .meshes are appreciably of the same height which @gives the knitting an appearance which `diifers .little from that of knitting with customary meshes', the saidknitting being, besides, formed -by a single thread without introducing supplementaryweft thread, as in certain known knittings, which, by reason of this weft thread, are tively coarse appearance. Y 1

The. variant `of Fig. v35p digieis from the embodiment 'of Figs.V L1and12 only in themanner of intertwining off the threads s and y at the points of knotting of the loops. 1 1

*There are shownin Fig.` 3 theYcharac-teristic members of Va circular knitting machine, that is to say `at I` the cylinder providedwith tricks 2 in which the needles, 3 may` slide, vertically. The latterjarefguided furthermore byga-plate 4V disposed in` the upper part of the vcylinder I.` The needles 3 areof the latch or self-acting" type and comprise at their lower end a butt 5 engaged in a groove 6 Vmachined in the Iinner periphery of the cam ringA 1.. The cam jgrooye E is generally so shaped as to constitute aknitting jcam Bwgivingrise to the casting olf or takingdownofthe thread;` this cam groove Ais provided with a second .or auxiliary cani!! producing the `rise oithegneedle to passthe stitchv under thelatch1-,3a1` 1 1 1. 1 According tothe present inventionI the carni! is so` modified 4that the stitch tobe cast oiior taken-1 down rests on the body of thelatch and there are added to the cam ring 'l two` cam grooves IIland I I intended to ensure the vertical translau tion of thejacks,` I2 and I3 (Fig. `6) .arranged in the tricks 2 of the cylinder I,1belo.w.the butt 5 of the needles, the jacks I2 and l3-being arranged alternately inthe needle tricks i?.` The .jacks` I2 vare providedwitha butt I4 engaged in thegroove IIJ, and the jacks I3'with1a butt I-5 engagedin thegrooveII. N y y c 11.1

Thelannul'ar ilange of plate 4 iszplovided alfternately with an ordinary sinker I b` (Fig. 3) and with a special sinker I1 (Fig. 4). The respective b utts-,Ia and ila of the sinkers are engaged in the cam groove I8 of thesinker camring I9,but

as is to be seen in Figs. 3 and 4, the bui-,t Vla-.of

the special'sinker; I'I is higher thanthat of` the butt Ia of theusual sinker I6. Becauseof this, 1

the butt pila may, `besides the action `that `it receives' from the groove I8, be subjectedto` the action of a supplementary cam 20 `(Fgs; 4 and 5),.

given a -rela- 'Z Thiscamdsapivoted at 2I onthesinker cam I9 andjssubjectedto the actioniofaareturn spring 22.-, keeping the cam29 away'irom the internal edge Iazofithe groove- I8. The cam 29 may be madeftol approach the edge IaA by an pusher 23 acting-onlanzextension 24 of thecam 2Ilaccording toi the; direction ofthe arrow'f. The extension124; comprisesv an adjustable abutment constituted, for example, by a little disc 25 eccentric relativeitozits xing-screwfZi. By its engagement `with the peripheryof the sinker cam ring I9 the `discla limits the angular displacement 'of the camA 29 'and it willz be understood that in modify'- in'g the4 angular vposition of the 'disc-25, relative to the extension.24 ltheresmay beobtained'alonger yor shorter-'stroke ofthe. cam 20.

1 Thepus'her 23-is connectedbyits other extrem- 'ity .toapivoting lever 21"(Fig. 7) subjected to the actionA of a return spring 28.' At the opposite extremity to tha-tat which-.thepusherZS is hinged, the pivoted lever. 2.1 is provided with a head 29 adjustable as to position. This head 29 is Vpressed in the-.field of action of the two upstanding cams 3U-dia1netrically opposed on a plate 3l rotatedso as to eiecta-complete revolution whilst the cylinder` performs four revolutions; every two revolutions the pusher 23 acts on the extension 24 and'v pushes the cam 29 towards thel wall 'I8a of the groove I8'.A

The special 'sinkers illustrated in Fig. 4comprise a nose IIb raised relative to thenose |62) of the ordinary sinker I6. y

YInorderto understand how unladderable knittingiisobtained in accordance with the rst manner of`lr manufacture, reference will now be made to IEig. 14 which illustrates the grooves I 0 and I I 4con'iprisir'ig slopes 32 and 33; at the topof the slopes 32 and 33 are disposedtwo movable triangular guide cams 34 and 35; each mayloccupy, as

to height, three different positions, that is to say: aY high` position (as is the casewith the cam 35 in Fig. 14) a7 medial position (as is the case-with the cam A3 4' in Fig'. 15), and a low position (as is the case with cam 34 in Fig. 14). To this end, the

rcams 34 and 35 are rigidly connected to slides 36 and l3'Irespectively (see Figs. 8 and 18). These vslides may be displaced individually and vertically by pivoted levers 38 and 39 of which the extremities 40 land'4I are-subjected to the action of cams 42, 43. Each of these Acams comprises three series ofidentical levels (Fig. 18) that is to say:l a level 42a or 43a for which the corresponding cam 34'for 35loccupies the low position, alevel 42h or '43h-'for which the corresponding cam 34 or 35 jby an operating lever 41 (Fig. 8) controlled by a rod 48 comprisingat its lower extremity Aa runner V4t-'fthe runner 49 rolls on acam 59 integral fwith `ai spindle I revolving at the-same velocity as cyl'- inder It Under these conditions, at each revolution ofthe cylinder I, the cams 42 and 43 undergo= an angularv displacement such that, for Vthe levellincontact with extremity 49, 4I of the lever 38, 39,' is substituted the following level; thus at lea'clfizrevolution' of the-cylinder I the cams 34 and 35 arevertically displaced.. Itis to beznotedthat thelevels 42e and 43eextend over.. anarc double the arcs corresponding: to the other levels. The consequence is that after two consecutive trans'.- lations, the cams 34 and 35 aremotionless during Vtwo consecutive revolutionsof 'the cylinderv I, in

spite of the rotation of shaft 44.

Referring to Fig. 13,*it will be-seen` thatzthe needle cylinder is divided into four successive regions: viz.,a region e which is-to be found on Fig. 14 and which extendsv from the point where'- in is 'effected the taking-up or drawing, to the point wherein is eiiected the taking down `or castingfoff a region which correspondsto the rising of the needle after casting-off. a region y to which no vertical displacement of the needles corresponds, and a region ein' which theneedles; `after having been subjectedito theaction o'thejacks I2; I3 of4 which the butts I4, lridevingrooves 10,1 IIqare divided into two, groupsratdifferent heights, a needle of one group alternating-with a needle of the other group.V The-'needlesa-are controlled by the jacks I2 andthe needles-b. by the jacks'IS.

In order to understand clearly how the suc.;- cessive intertwiningof threads are effected lthe working of the needles inthe first'row (Fig.f14) will be considered-with reference tofdiagrammatic Figs. 19 to 22.

As has been said above,the'needles, beforefthe taking up are divided into two groups, the needles of one of thesegroupsbeingat aidefinitefheight relative to the sinkers and those of theother group occupying a lower position., The needles of the firstlgroup'will be vcalledeven needles: and those of the second group odd needlesgit' being understoodV that the even needlesfalternate with the odd needles.

The even needleshave ai'xed to themthefreference a and the odd needles the reference-.1).-

In the'iirst course (Fig. 14), the even needles a. are presented forv taking up in. the high posi-.- tion, their tops being on lineH"ofF.igs..14, l9and 22. The odd needles b are presentedin ,thel middle position (line M). The needles aand b take `up the thread .r distributed by thevusual-threadguide. In the part a of the circularpath,.the needles are displaced-vertically` towardszthe bot#- `tom in the tricks 2 of the cylinder I by the-action of knitting cam 8 (Fig. 3') which produces' the taking down (Fig. 20), then, inY the region the needles a and b rise without'V reaching; the line B(Figs. 14 and 21) deningthe low position. The needles, allaligned at thesame'height; trav,- erse the region y; towards theend of 'the latter, the needles are subject to the action of 'thejacks I2 and I3', the needles a being'controlled bythe jacks I2 and the needles bby thefjacks I3 which are guided, as has been' described, by the groove At the middle of the slope 33,the jacks I3 meet the movable guide cam 35, which projects into the groove I I; they are thus raised and push the needles b to bring them into the high position. On the. contrary, the movable guide cam 34 of the groove I0, in. which' the'butts-oftheijacks I2 move is in a lowered position so thatthejacks: I2 guided only by the groove I0 are lowered sorthat the needles a are brought into thelow positionor which the stitch formed by the threads: on: the taking down, rests on the latch ar (Fig.;22)

The needles thus distributed to two different vheights traverse the region and arrive. facing the thread guide for the second course of knitting'. Thisv thread, although it is the prolongation of the thread a: distributedinthe first, course, will be indiated by theI reference "y and illustrated differently. to facilitate the comprehension 'oil the for'niationyofstitches'(Figs. '15 and 23u to f26).

On'takingeup (Figi 23), theneedlesy a arepresented` in' the low position andthe lneedles b in the high position.- l' 1 l i :These two groups of'needles vtake up thethread yi'and, at this moment,the special sinkers Il' displaced by the action `ofthe cam '21), `receive :an-

advance movement towards the center of the machina They thus pass from the positinindi- 16,1the needlesa, in the course of their descent, draws.` greater length of: thread thanthat drawn atlethe preceding course whenthe sinkers were. in anon-advanced position.` Whenthe needles are :descending (Fig.; 24), ;no stitch-lis cast-,oit the needles c-.becausevgthe stitchformedwithgthe` thread a: in the.rst-course'hasbeen.during this descent, -entrapped under the hook of the needle A Y by the turning up of the latch a1 onwhich the said stitch rests.as islshownAinFig. 22. On the other hand on; the descent, a `usual knitting stitch..

is obtainedon the needles b. y

Onjtlie needles rising and i iduring traverser of'` resicn'r/ (Fis-.Zffithe istitchrformeclfby the threads` and the elongated'stitchiorrned byjthe thread y which has been taken up more deeply s than the thread wat theyfprecedingcourse are located between`V the latch ai and the hook of` the` needles u The unelongated.stitclrformed by the latchbl andthe hook of the needles b.

. At the beginning of s region Nthef needlestf are thread; y` on 4the `needles gb is located between the subjected tothe action of jacks which areappro-` Y priate `to them. On referenceoto Fig-.15., it will be. seen thai-.the movable guide cam 34, associated with the` groove l B, controlling the jacks i2 corresponding -toltthhe needles .ci is passed `from the lowered position which it occupied during the formation of the preceding course (Fig. lfiltoI the middle position indicatedin Fig. 15;` because offthis, the` needles Icare raised and pass from` the .ict/"positioniynich'lthey occupy before taking upfto themiddleposition (line M) as is to be seen `in Figs. 15 `and Z6. The movable guide cam 35 associatedwith the groove Il controlling the jacksV I3 corresponding to needles b has remained in the high position s'o that the needles b again take up the high positionwhichthey occupied before takingup; in this position (Fig. 26) the unelongated stitch formedV by the thread `y is located on the needle below the'lateh'ibi, the elongated stitch formed on thev needle a bythe thread y remaining on the latch a1 whilst the unelongated stitch formed bythe thread ,r the iirst course passes below the saidflath al1, because of the rise fof the needle limited to the middle position.` It' may be remarked that becauseA of the advance movementv of the sinkers I1 towards the center of the machine after the action of the jacks, the noses or projections 11b of the sinkers I1 have penetrated between the unelongated stitch formed by the thread mand the elongated stitch constituted by the thread vy (Fig. 10) This penetration thus effects the separation of the unelongated and elongated stitches.

The third course of knitting is now going to be effected. Before taking up, the needles a are presented in middle position whilst the needles b are in high position. The prolongation of the thread which twill bei'designated by a :in FigsA 16 and2'1` to 30, corresponding to the third course,=

is taken-upbyV the needles aand b (Fig. `27).

Before taking up,` thel cam Eil'has been-brought l tothe position'whichit` had when therst course l was formed `The sinkers Vll are Athus :brought back to their rear position and the length of `the ,thread z-taken upfby each needle; is the same as that of the threadfc atlthe iirst course.` There- In` the( course of this taking down the unelongated `stitch after the needles take down (Fig. 28)..

produced bythe thready onthe` needles bforms an` unelongated stitch with Ithe thread e whilst the lunelongatedstitchformed by the thread at the first course `on .the needles a, -grips and stitches the `elongated stitch formed by the thread y as well as the thread e. s

`The assemblage of the needles Aagain rises as shown in Fig. 29.' They *.eiectrtheirttraverse in.

the region 'y and arrivefatthe `point where they are subjected to theaction oi the jacks. V'I'he raised byytheirnjacksand brought tothe high positionl (Fig. 39). Thelmovable guide cam 35A controlling the jacks.' t3 and, in consequence,` the needles b, has been'lowered from the v-highfposi` tion which litoccupes in 15 .tothe low position indicated in Fig. 16; theneedles b are thus brought to the low position. i Itgzfollowsthat the unelongated stitchformed [from the taking down on the needles bgwiththethread crests on the :latchbifwhilst the stitches formedby thethread y and by the thread z passeslb'eloivthe latches a1 ofthe needles 'c (Fig. 30).,` z-

.v .el l fourth course by taking up the thread `1J (prolongation of the "thread x) before taking uprithe needlesu` are in The needles then start the the high position,l and the needles `b are in the low position (Figs. 17 and 31). `istarting with the;

taking down-the stitchesformed by `the thread and the thread g/,ugrippthe thread@` onthe needles a. as isillustrated in Fig. 32, whilst the stitch formed by the thread e on the needles b rests enclosed between theneedle hook and the latch h1. At `the vmoment of `theltaking down,

the cam 2i) has started the advance of the sinker I l' so that on takingup, the needles have formed withthe thread o. (consequentvon the presence ofJthe projections on-the sinkersgpll elongated stitches analogous -to the stitchesiormed in the second course by thethread y. ,The needles rise and traverse the region y during s this traverse the threads are presented as shown in Fig. 33.,

The needles thusjarrive at` thel point where they areysub'jected to the action of the jacks. Refer` ring to Fig.` 1-7, itvwill be seen that the movable guide cam 3d has not undergone .verticaldisplacement; it remains at the high position indicatedin Figs. 16 and 1'7. On Atheother hand the movable guide cami35 `has 'beenvdisplaced upwardly and has 'passed from the low position indicated in Figfldto the. middle position indicated in Fig. 17. Consequently the needles a, operated by `thetrnoyableguiole cam 134,' are brought back to the high: `positionwhilst Vthe needles b1c`on`l `trolled `by the'movable -gu'ide cam35--leave the "middle positionxas illustrated in Figf. Fig.

34 shows the knitting obtained when the four courses of the cycle have been carried out. In Figs. 1 and 2, the knitting is supposed to have received a certain lateral tension, similar to the tension which is exerted when the knitting is arepresented for taking up for a new cycle in the position which they occupied in Fig. 14 and in Fig.l 19; the needles a are then in the high position whilst the needles b1 are in the middle position (Fig. ,33).

Accordingjto a .modification of construction, the'even and odd needles-may no longer occupy three positions differing vin height, but only two positions: the highposition and the low position.

In this the cams 42 and 43 .employed in the first method of manufacture are modiiied as illustrated in Fig. v36. Each of the cams 42 and 43 comprises no1-more than two `series of levels, that is tosa-ythe levels y.M-.Land- 4331 corresponding to the low. position, and the ,levels 62k and 133%` corresponding .to the high position. Under theselconditions, the ymovable guide cams 3 4 and 35 are brought 4either to the high position, as illustrated in Figs. 16 and 17 for the guide cam 34 andto the Figs. 14 and l5 for4 the guide cams. 35, or to the low position Fig. 14 for guide .cam Stand Fig. 16 for guidecam 35. sition indicated in Fig. :15 for the guide cam 34 and vin Fig.. 17' forthe, guide cam -35 are replaced bythe high positions.

In the'first course the even and odd needles are `presented in the high position. They operate as .has been previously .described and the intertwiningof the .thread is vshown with reference to Figs. v19 and 22.

In the second course,rthe taking up and the taking .down are .effected .as -has been' previously described, but Yduring the .traverse or" region th needlesazare kbrought again to the high position '(line H, Fig. .37, in .the place of .being brought to the middle position Aline M Fig. 26). Because of :this vthe elongated stitch formed on the .needles .a by the thread y passes, together with the stitch ,formedbyr the thread under the latch ai.

In the third course the Mneedles! a and lb are presented in thehigh position.V The needles take clown, Eig. 38.

The needles .a at .the entrance .to the region are vraised .by vtheir .jacks and are brought 'to the -high position, line-.H Fig.. 39. The needles b under the .action folf "their jacks are brought to the low position, the unelongated sti-tch formed, starting-from the taking down on the needles b with threads remains on the -latch bi, whilst the elongated stitch vformed `bythe thread y aswell asxthe unelongated stitch-formed by the thread z von the needles a, passes v.below the latch a1 of the needles a.

yThe needles begin the fourth .course in the position indicated in fFig. 39. Starting from the taking down the unelongated stitch 'formed by the thread a: and the elongated stitch formed by the thread y grip the thread U as illustrated in Fig. 40.

y1 -'he needles a and b -rise to the high position and traverse the zone The cycle is terminated and the needles aand .b all presented for a new cycle in the high position as shown in Fig. 41

The middle powhere it is to be seen that the threadfvdoubles the stitch Vformed by the thread Assuming as previously that the Vknitting issubjected 1to1 lateral tension, it iseasy to understandfithatthe intertwining shown in Fig 41 is deformed and that the stitch formed by the ;thread ufisjre-` absorbed anddoubles the stitchformed by the threads. 4The intertwining has then the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 5. f

,I claim: y 1. Unladderable 4knitted fabric lformed .by ,a singlethread constituting; unelongated .stitches andelongated stitches having substantially the same .height as the unelongated stitches and the unelongated `stitches occurring .alternately with .the elongated stitches in leach course and-V in each lineso that, from one course to the other, the unelongated stitches and .the .elongated stitches are in quincunx and that in each course. the elongatedstitches are loopedxby the unelongated stitches rof the preceding course, the'said elongated stitches being inintertwining relation with the-loops of thread connecting the elongated stitches -formed in the preceding course and with the rectilinear elements of thread lconnecting the successive unelongated stitches in' the course considered,the said rectilinear ele- Y ments of the various courses 1being substantially parallel `to each' other while the looped parts of the 'thread comprised Abetween two elongated stitches of two successive courses are disposed diother,l the unelongated stitches and the elongated stitches are disposed in quincunx and that in each course the elongated vstitchesare looped'by the unelonga-ted stitches of the preceding course, the said elongated stitches being in intertwi-ning relation Ywith the rectilinear thread elements uniting the two unelongated stitches which are disposed in the same course on both sides of the elongated stitches and with the intermediate thread elements uniting two elongated stitches of the preceding course so that the said intermedia@ 6131110.11158 are dSpOSd diagonally- LUQIENPIQARD.-

itEF-EitENces cir-ED The following vreferences Aare of record in the file Yof this patent:

UNITED STATES vPA'I'EN'IXE, 

